entity/record lock

Hello
javax.persistance.EntityManager has lock(java.lang.Object entity, LockModeType lockMode) method,
but com.haulmont.cuba.core.EntityManager hasn’t one.

How can I lock one record/entity in cuba?

You can obtain the reference to javax.persistance.EntityManager using the com.haulmont.cuba.core.EntityManager#getDelegate method.
Besides, the platform contains a mechanism for pessimistic locking: see the com.haulmont.cuba.core.app.LockManagerAPI interface and documentation